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The HTML Working Group was an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) working group from 1994 to 1996, and a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) working group from 1997 to 2015.[1]
The working group was co-chaired by Paul Cotton, Sam Ruby, and Maciej Stachowiak.
Members
Members of the HTML Working Group included representatives from the following organizations:
- Adobe Systems Inc.
- Apple
- Google, Inc.
- HP
- Microsoft
- Mozilla
- Opera Software
W3C had also invited several experts to collaborate with the working group including:
- Robin Berjon (past editor for the HTML5 and DOM4 specifications)
- Marcos Cáceres
- Ian Devlin
- Steve Faulkner
- John Foliot
- Jeremy Keith
- Martin McEvoy
- Janina Sajka
- David Sleight
- Manu Sporny
- Oli Studholme
Internal working system
The HTMLWG had members from a diverse community such as content providers, content authors, and anyone interested in the work on HTML.
Participation
To participate in the group, the steps involved having a W3C account and filling out a form for copyright, content etc. policies. Steps are different for people who are affiliated with W3C Member organization and those who are not.[2]
Communication methods
- Mailing lists (used to organize activities such as task-force discussions and working-group administrative purposes)
- HTML-WG Channel (for weekly telcons and informal discussions)
Meetings
- Weekly telcons (On Thursday and Tuesday)
- Face-to-face (twice a year, and the latest one was held in San Jose, on April 8–9, 2014)[1]
See HTML/wg/WorkMode for more details about the way a member can participate in, responsibilities of Editor, various types of meetings that members can attend, etc.
Interest Groups
To encourage broad participation, three locale-based interest groups were set up: the Chinese, Japanese and Korean Interest Groups. The HTML5 Chinese Interest Group had over 1000 members.
History
The creation of an HTML Working Group was first proposed at the 30th Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) meeting in Toronto, on 26 July 1994.[3] The Group was founded with the adoption of its charter in September 1994[4] and was chaired by Eric Sink.[5]
The IETF HTML Working Group oversaw the creation and publication of RFC 1866 in November 1995, the document which defines HTML 2.0. The Group also published RCF 1942 in May 1996, a document which provides an experimental description of an extended set of HTML tables.[6]
The IETF Group was dissolved in September 1996.[6][5]
Change in working direction
In 1999, W3C released HTML 4.01 and then stopped continuing the evolution of HTML, as the W3C's HTMLWG announced it would change their direction to exploitation of XML-based version of HTML (named XHTML 2.0), which has a stricter standard.
The traditional version of HTML allowed uncertainties in code review, which means even there are some mistakes in the web pages, browser will still display the contents through error detection and correction. "Nowadays, there would be at least one mistake existing in over 99% HTML web pages. " estimated by the Google senior programmer Mark Pilgrim.[7]
The W3C HTMLWG hoped to boost a more regulated development of the future of the Internet through rigorous standards. While the popularization and application of XHTML had not received many responses from the public.
Collaboration
In 2004, Mozilla and Opera put forward a plan based on HTML 4, as they wanted to continue the evolution of HTML. The plan was not passed. Then they decided to form WHATWG, in order to pursue the future of HTML along with W3C’S HTMLWG but in different direction.[7]
In 2006, WHATWG made a breakthrough while XHTML 2.0 was still impractical. As a result, Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of W3C announced that the W3C's HTMLWG would stop to jointly develop HTML5 with WHATWG. Ian Hickson was responsible for both editing the two groups' specifications.[8]
In October 2009, W3C dismissed the XHTML 2 group.
Split
In July 2012, W3C's HTMLWG and WHATWG officially parted ways about working on HTML5. WHATWG evolved HTML5 and W3C worked on a more static "snapshot". Therefore, there are two versions of HTML5 - one is a "living standard" and the other one is "snapshots". The split between two bodies was due to conflicts.[9]
Regarding fears of this split from the public, then head of WHATWG, Ian Hickson said the split would not be as harmful as people thought. "It's certainly possible that the specs will fork, but it's unlikely, or at least, unlikely to happen in a way that is harmful." In his opinion, possible conflicts will lead to a more precise standard. And "Browser vendors will just know to use the more precise one."[10]
Differences between WHATWG and HTMLWG
WHATWG maintains a living standard and stopped using version numbers. W3C's HTMLWG leaves the WHATWG spec in order to stick producing snapshots.[11][12]
See also
About the HTMLWG, a brief summary of HTMLWG.
References
- 1 2 Cotton, Paul; Ruby, Sam; Stachiowak, Maciej; Smith, Michael; Berjon, Robin (2014-10-10). "W3C HTML Working Group". W3C. Archived from the original on 2015-10-02. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
- ↑ "How YOU can join the W3C HTML5 Working Group in 4 easy steps". the paciello group. Steve Faulkner. 2 December 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2011.
- ↑ Berners-Lee, Tim (1994-07-26), IETF HTML BOF Minutes 26 July 1994, W3c, retrieved 2018-04-02
- ↑ Raggett, Dave (1998). "A history of HTML". Raggett on HTML. Harlow, Essex: Addison Wesley Longman. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
- 1 2 Connolly, Dan (2000-01-31). "IETF HTML Working Group". W3C. Retrieved 2018-04-03.
- 1 2 Hoffmann, Markus; Beaumont, Leland R. (2005). Content Networking: Architecture, Protocols, and Practice. Elsevier. p. 294.
- 1 2 Guan, Wang. "HTML5：正在发生的未来". China Economic Herald. IT经理世界. Archived from the original on 17 November 2012. Retrieved 13 November 2012.
- ↑ "The Difference Between the WHATWG and the HTMLWG". WebMonkey. Archived from the original on 18 February 2011.
- ↑ "HTML is the new HTML5". the WHATWG blog. Ian Hickson. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
- ↑ "W3C and WHATWG finalize split on HTML5 spec, forking 'unlikely'". The Verge. Jeff Blagdon. 22 July 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
- ↑ "HTML5 Work Splits Into 'Living' And 'Snapshot' Standards. Developers Need Not Worry, Says Living Standard Leader". techcrunch. Ingrid Lunden (@ingridlunden). 22 July 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
- ↑ "HTML5 Definition Complete, W3C Moves to Interoperability Testing and Performance". semanticweb. Eric Franzon. Archived from the original on 31 October 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2012.