Mataram | |
|---|---|
| City of Mataram Kota Mataram | |
Clockwise, from top; Hubbul Wathan Islamic center, Mataram City Hall, West Nusa Tenggara museum and Tembolaq Gate | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location within West Nusa Tenggara | |
  Mataram  Mataram Mataram (Lesser Sunda Islands)  Mataram Mataram (Indonesia) | |
| Coordinates: 8°35′S 116°7′E / 8.583°S 116.117°E[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid\u0000fragment:15}}<span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\">[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mataram_(city)¶ms=8_35_S_116_7_E_region:ID_type:city(441147) <span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">8°35′S</span> <span class=\"longitude\">116°7′E</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">8.583°S 116.117°E</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">-8.583; 116.117</span></span></span>]</span>[[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]</span>"}}' id="mwDA"/> | |
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Province |  West Nusa Tenggara |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Mohan Roliskana (Golkar) |
| • Vice Mayor | Mujiburrahman |
| • Legislature | Mataram City Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) |
| Area | |
• Total | 61.30 km2 (23.67 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 26 m (85 ft) |
| Population (mid 2023 estimate) | |
• Total | 441,147 |
| • Density | 7,197/km2 (18,640/sq mi) |
| [1] | |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (Indonesia Central Time) |
| Area code | (+62) 370 |
| HDI (2023) |  0.795 (High)[2]
|
| Website | mataramkota |
Mataram (Indonesian: Kota Mataram; Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌkot̪a maˈt̪aram]) is a capital city of the Indonesian province of West Nusa Tenggara. The city is surrounded on all the landward sides by (but is not administratively part of) West Lombok Regency and lies on the western side of the island of Lombok, Indonesia. It is also the largest city of the province, and had a population of 402,843 at the 2010 Census[3] and 429,651 at the 2020 Census;[4] the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 441,147 (comprising 219,625 males and 221,522 females).[1]
The city is an economic, cultural, and education center of the province. It hosts all public universities in the province, the main airport, and also main government offices. Greater Mataram Area (Indonesian: Mataram Raya) or sometimes also called Gumi Rinjani Metropolitan Area[5] is a metropolitan area surrounding the city with a total population of around 3 million people as of 2015, making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in the Lesser Sunda Islands along with the Denpasar metropolitan area in Bali.[6]
History
A small city called Selaparang in East Lombok was the centre of Sasak power in Lombok from the 16th to the 17th century AD. At this time West Lombok was under the control of Balinese rajas, based on their states of Mataram and Cakranegara, until the island was invaded and occupied by the Dutch in 1894.
Geography
The modern city is characterized by urban sprawl in the middle of West Lombok, composed of three contiguous towns which were formerly separate but now share a single administration. From west to east, the old port town of Ampenan in the west merges into the administrative centre of Mataram and this in turn merges into the commercial town of Cakranegara. Further east still lies the district of Sweta, the location of Lombok's biggest market as well as Lombok's bus terminal. The towns are linked by a wide, 8km-long one-way street which begins as Jalan Langko in Apenan, becomes Jalan Pejanggik in Mataram and finishes as Jalan Selaparang in Cakranegara; it then continues east as the principal cross-island highway to Labuhan Lombok and then Kayangan, site of the Lombok-Sumbawa ferry.
Governance
Administrative division
The city consists of six districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census[3] and the 2020 Census,[4] together with the official estimates as of mid-2023.[1] The table also includes the number of administrative villages (all classed as urban kelurahan, also called "kampungs") in each district, and its postal codes.
| Kode Wilayah | Name of District (kecamatan) | Area in km2 | Pop'n Census 2010 | Pop'n Census 2020 | Pop'n Estimate mid 2023 | No. of villages | Post codes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 52.71.01 | Ampenan | 9.46 | 78,779 | 88,022 | 91,311 | 10 | 83118 (a) |
| 52.71.04 | Sekarbela | 10.32 | 53,112 | 58,786 | 60,816 | 5 | 83115 & 83116 |
| 52.71.02 | Mataram | 10.76 | 73,107 | 77,465 | 79,132 | 9 | 83127 (b) |
| 52.71.05 | Selaparang | 10.77 | 72,665 | 68,657 | 68,965 | 9 | 83126 |
| 52.71.03 | Cakranegara | 9.67 | 64,087 | 67,826 | 69,261 | 10 | 83238 - 63239 |
| 52.71.06 | Sandubaya | 10.32 | 61,093 | 68,895 | 71,662 | 7 | 83232 - 63237 |
| Totals | 61.30 | 402,843 | 429,651 | 441,147 | 50 |
Notes: (a) Except the kampungs of Ampenan Tengah (postcode 83112), Pejeruk (postcode 83113), Ampenan Selatan (postcode 83114) and Ampenan Utara (postcode 83511). (b) Except the kampung of Pagutan (postcode 83117).
Demographics
Ethnicity
The Sasak people are the indigenous people of Lombok and form the majority of Mataram's residents. Mataram is also home to Balinese, Javanese, Buginese, Bimanese, Tionghoa-Peranakan people of mixed Indonesian and Chinese descent and a small number of Arab Indonesian people, mainly of Yemeni descent who arrived when the town was known as "Ampenan". Despite being urban dwellers, the Sasak people of Mataram still identify strongly with their origins and the Sasak culture.
There is also an ethnic Malay settlement in the Ampenan district, known as Kampung Melayu, where the residents are ethnic Malays (Ampenan Malays) and speak Malay language (Ampenan Malay). The people of Mataram had known the Malay language since the mid-19th century, or also before that. As mentioned by Wallace in his book The Malay Archipelago (1869), the people of Lombok dialogued with Fernandes about divinity. Also by Charles Kordhoff, a US sailor, who mentioned the use of Malay in Lombok.[7]
Language
Mataram society normally speaks the Sasak language, which is the native language of the indigenous people of Lombok. Indonesian is the language most widely used in formal business, education and government contexts. When at home or a place of recreation, Mataram residents tend to use the Mataram Sasak dialect. There is also a large community of Balinese speakers in the city, as in the past Mataram was a colony and center of government for the Karangasem kingdom of Bali. In addition, Ampenan Malay is also used in the old town of Ampenan as an regional language and the main spoken language there.
Sister City
Climate
Mataram has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen Am) with heavy rainfall from October to March and moderate to little rainfall from April to September.
| Climate data for Mataram | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.5 (86.9) |
30.6 (87.1) |
30.7 (87.3) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.3 (86.5) |
29.7 (85.5) |
30.2 (86.4) |
30.9 (87.6) |
31.2 (88.2) |
31.2 (88.2) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.7 (87.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.6 (79.9) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.5 (76.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
25.9 (78.6) |
26.4 (79.5) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.1 (79.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
19.8 (67.6) |
20.9 (69.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
22.6 (72.7) |
22.8 (73.0) |
21.5 (70.6) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 290 (11.4) |
237 (9.3) |
170 (6.7) |
114 (4.5) |
108 (4.3) |
72 (2.8) |
77 (3.0) |
54 (2.1) |
62 (2.4) |
126 (5.0) |
190 (7.5) |
282 (11.1) |
1,782 (70.1) |
| Source: [9] | |||||||||||||
References
- 1 2 3 Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kota Mataram Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5271)
- ↑ "Metode Baru Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2021-2022". www.bps.go.id. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
- 1 2 Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
- 1 2 Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
- ↑ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
- ↑ "PU-net". perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id. Archived from the original on 12 September 2021. Retrieved 12 September 2021.
- ↑ Muhlis, Buyung S. (26 February 2025). "Di Ampenan, Burung Saja Berbahasa Melayu". mataramradio.com (in Indonesian). Mataram Radio. Archived from the original on 5 July 2025. Retrieved 5 July 2025.
- ↑ Negeri, Satukan. "Pemkot Mataram Siap Lanjutkan Kerja Sama 'Sister City' dengan Pengzhou". Satukan Negeri (in Indonesian). Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ↑ "Mataram climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Mataram water temperature - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
External links
Regencies and cities of West Nusa Tenggara | ||
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Capital: Mataram | ||
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